Cyanides are found in substantial amounts in certain seeds and fruit stones, e.g., those of bitter almonds, apricots, apples, and peaches. It is an antifeedant in a number of plants. Removal of cyanide from cassava in Nigeria.Ĭyanides are produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae. The negative charge is concentrated on carbon C. The cyanide ion −C≡N is isoelectronic with carbon monoxide −C≡O + and with molecular nitrogen N≡N. Although nitriles generally do not release cyanide ions, the cyanohydrins do and are thus rather toxic. For example, in acetonitrile ( CH 3−C≡N), the cyanide group is bonded to methyl ( −CH 3). In nitriles, the −C≡N group is linked by a single covalent bond to carbon. Organic cyanides are usually called nitriles. It is obtained by acidification of cyanide salts. Hydrocyanic acid, also known as hydrogen cyanide, or HCN, is a highly volatile liquid that is produced on a large scale industrially. Soluble salts such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) and potassium cyanide (KCN) are highly toxic. In inorganic cyanides, the cyanide group is present as the cyanide anion −C≡N. This group, known as the cyano group, consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. In chemistry, a cyanide (from Greek kyanos ' dark blue') is a chemical compound that contains a C≡N functional group.
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